Saturday, October 17, 2009

Obama continues health assault- calls insurance companies liars, lobbyists profit seekers

(Scripturelink Voter's Guide; c.f. White House (US Presidency; American; Governmental) 17 / 10 | October / 2009 )

Editorial Article by Marc Aupiais


In a press release from the White House Press Secretary, dated 17 October 2009, Barack Obama once again has attacked the opponents to his health reform plan.

Many of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops' (USCCB) member Bishops, have raised serious concerns over the health reform's seeming funding for universal abortion. Alarms at special interests allegedly held by those fronting the bill, were also raised: by the refusal of Obama's party to place any provision or amendment in the bill to remove universal coverage of abortion.

Others, opposed to the passing of this bill have raised concerns over care for the elderly, as well as over the inefficiency of similar systems to the proposed US one, which have been implemented in Canada, and in Great Britain. The press release also does not attempt to counter any claims of big government, or socialisism, thrown against this bill, by opposition members and nay sayers. Rather, the free press, and the industry the bill will affect most are attacked directly by Obama, who claims that he is fighting "big business", a claim not redolent of most capitalist leaders.

The long speech makes no mention of abortion, no mention of Great Britain, no mention of Canada, and no mention of the very real concerns opponents of the plan have voiced. Instead, those opposing the plan are linked by a conspiracy Barack Obama creates, with Health Insurance companies, and studies done are dubbed as deceptive. Barack Obama is known for his association with major abortion firm: Planned parenthood, to whom he made promises during his election campaign, as recorded in the media, which are much more direct than those he made to voters.

Here is a short quote of a summary given by the White House Press Secretary, follow the link (the date is a link) below to see the whole speech:

"WEEKLY ADDRESS: President Obama Calls Hails Progress on Health Insurance Reform Despite Defenders of the Status Quo

WASHINGTON – In his weekly address, President Barack Obama praised the progress that has been made on health insurance reform, and spoke out against those who defend the status quo in order to score political points and protect their profits. With reform the closest it has ever been to becoming law, the insurance companies are rolling out deceptive ads, paying for misleading studies, and flooding Capitol Hill with lobbyists. Now, Washington needs to serve the American people, not the special interests."
(White House (US Presidency; American; Governmental) 17 / 10 | October / 2009 )


Obama has also been accused of attempting to act unilaterally, and of strict control of party ranks, editorially, I think this could be the case:

To give a short section of his long speech, and to demonstrate his attack on media, and all opponents to his bill:


"Of course, like clockwork, we’ve seen folks on cable television who know better, waving these industry-funded studies in the air. We’ve seen industry insiders – and their apologists – citing these studies as proof of claims that just aren’t true. They’ll claim that premiums will go up under reform; but they know that the non-partisan Congressional Budget Office found that reforms will lower premiums in a new insurance exchange while offering consumer protections that will limit out-of-pocket costs and prevent discrimination based on pre-existing conditions. They’ll claim that you’ll have to pay more out of pocket; but they know that this is based on a study that willfully ignores whole sections of the bill, including tax credits and cost savings that will greatly benefit middle class families. Even the authors of one of these studies have now admitted publicly that the insurance companies actually asked them to do an incomplete job.

It’s smoke and mirrors. It’s bogus. And it’s all too familiar. Every time we get close to passing reform, the insurance companies produce these phony studies as a prescription and say, "Take one of these, and call us in a decade." Well, not this time. The fact is, the insurance industry is making this last-ditch effort to stop reform even as costs continue to rise and our health care dollars continue to be poured into their profits, bonuses, and administrative costs that do nothing to make us healthy – that often actually go toward figuring out how to avoid covering people. And they’re earning these profits and bonuses while enjoying a privileged exception from our anti-trust laws, a matter that Congress is rightfully reviewing.

Now, I welcome a good debate. I welcome the chance to defend our proposals and to test our ideas in the fires of this democracy. But what I will not abide are those who would bend the truth – or break it – to score political points and stop our progress as a country. And what we all must oppose are the same old cynical Washington games that have been played for decades even as our problems have grown and our challenges have mounted."
(White House (US Presidency; American; Governmental) 17 / 10 | October / 2009 )

As one might have noted, the concerns of the opposition, are not really laid out, and one unnamed study is claimed to be fraudulent, without more information. Much of the opposition, is based on fears involving service, not simply costs, value, not simply price. It is usual for government to consult with industries when they are affected by a law, however, this US administration, has once again bypassed this practice. It is not a good sign either, when a government determines to attack the credibility of those reporting on it.






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Tuesday, September 1, 2009

South Africa: Official Opposition (DA) responds to shelving of Judge Hlope impropiety investigation (Judge Hlope:a ruling party ally- accused of attem

(Also appeared at : South African Catholic 31 / 08 | August / 2009; Kyk na hierdie artikel in Afrikaans; Voir en français)

Notation by Marc Aupiais

The Democratic Alliance, the Official Opposition party in the Republic of South Africa, has slated a choice by a divided JSC (Judicial Service [not "Services"] Commission) to drop investigations as to whether or not Judge Hlope, who as Judge President of the Western Cape High Court, was accused by the Constitutional Court- seemingly of illicitly attempting to influence Constitutional Court Justices (judges) into ruling in favour of ANC (African National Congress) and South African President Jacob Zuma- in a matter involving a corruption case against the president, is guilty or innocent of the charge against him, as a judge.

(The National Director of Public Prosecutions who attempted to Prosecute Jacob Zuma, was fired, the acting head dropped the case, leaving the public asking for details; the unit which had investigated Jacob Zuma, an anti-organised crime unit which had been known as the "Scorpions", was disbanded).

Even had the JSC found that Hlope was guilty, parliament, controlled via an ANC majority: by Jacob Zuma, would have to have been involved in any serious action against Hlope, the JSC investigation was- to the knowledge of our service- only advisory in status.

In an email dispatch sent out today: Helen Zille, the Leader of the DA (Democratic Alliance), South Africa's largest opposition party- slated the decision, saying of it:


"[The JSC's] decision is one of the most destructive early consequences of the Zuma administration's attitude towards our judiciary, and the consequences of a deferential and ANC compliant JSC. We now have a senior judge, and possible candidate for the Constitutional Court bench, who has a cloud of impropriety hanging above his head; a cloud that will not go away until the allegations are investigated and either confirmed or dismissed. Until such time as that happens, the integrity and independence of the judiciary will continue to be sullied"

In a statement the DA labled as:
"Helen Zille responds to the Judicial Service Commission's decision not to take the complaint against Western Cape Judge President John Hlophe to a full enquiry in her weekly newsletter, SA Today"

(Our two quotes of the Official Opposition and its Leader , are purely that, both speak in their own capacity. Quoting these figures does not mean that our service, or anyone associated with it in any way endorse or agree with the views we have here: quoted from a DA press release!)

Possible meaning of DA's statements involving Judicial Independence, may involve the following:

President Jacob Zuma has previously stated that the judiciary in South Africa act as though they are "God", and during his trials, his supporters threatened the public, and judiciary. Most notable among those threats which were against the public and others by Zuma supporters, were claims by the left- including trade unionists and leading ANC figures, that said persons would "Kill" for Jacob Zuma. During the rape trial against Jacob Zuma, which was said to be a weak case from the start, especially as the rape allegation was from an acquaintance of Zuma- Zuma supporters stoned a woman they incorrectly identified as Zuma's accusor. The woman who accused Jacob Zuma of raping her, has been informed by the National Executive Committee (NEC) of Jacob Zuma's ANC, that they will only guarantee her safety should she return from exile, if she withdraws the rape accusation against Jacob Zuma.

The statements in this article in no way whatsoever, in any way constitute any form of legal advice. They are provided for informative purposes, and are not legal advice.




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Monday, August 3, 2009

Republic of South Africa: Top Ruling Party (ANC) politician- slams "Capitalists" opposed to proposed "communist" takeover of healthcare schemes by the government

(Scripturelink Voters' Guide; c.f. IOL (Secular; Independent; South African) via the Cape Times (Page 1) Monday 03 / 08 | August / 2009 ;  article from SAPA [South African Press Association] (Secular; Independent; South African) 26 / 07 | July / 2009 ; from SAPA 30 / 06 | June / 2009 ; from Cape Argus 20 / 06 | June / 2009 ; from Daily News 15 / 06 | June / 2009 ; from page 4 of Tribune 26 / 07 | July / 2009  ;  News 24 (Secular; Independent; South African) article by SAPA [South African Press Association] (Secular; Independent; South African) 08 / 06 | June / 2009 ; Mail and Guardian (South African; Independent; Secular; Liberal) article by Health-e News Service 02 / 06 | June / 2009 ; 15 / 09 | September / 2008 ; )

Article by Marc Aupiais

Blade Nzimande, the Republic of South Africa's: Minister for Higher Education and Training, and the General Secretary of the SACC (South African Communist Party), and a member of the National Executive Committe (NEC), of the ANC (African National Congress): which commands a majority in the South African parliament, and the Presidency- has slammed media bodies, and others, for criticizing the ANC's proposed NHI (National Health Insurance) bill- as the ANC continues to forge ahead with the controversial scheme ( IOL (Secular; Independent; South African) via the Cape Times (Page 1) Monday 03 / 08 | August / 2009 ). It has been reported, that there was speculation that World Renowned Barbara Hogan, was removed from the health Portfolio, due to Trade Union pressure, after she suggested that the bill be submitted to usual procedures and public scrutiny (Mail and Guardian (South African; Independent; Secular; Liberal) article by Health-e News Service 02 / 06 | June / 2009 ).

100 Billion Rand larger Health Budget?


According to Alex van den Heever, a health economist, who was quoted by HASA (The Health Association of South Africa), having spoken at their  Durban Conference: the NHI is a ""completely unworkable, unaffordable solution that won't improve health services despite massive increases in expenditure""(News 24 (Secular; Independent; South African) article by SAPA [South African Press Association] (Secular; Independent; South African) 08 / 06 | June / 2009). According to van den Heever: part of the proposal is to increase the Health budget by 100 Billion Rand, an astronomical and unrealistic figure, especially during a recession, and as the ANC has put forward other plans slated as unrealistic by financial experts.

ANC NEC member: those opposing the plan are "capitalists"

Speaking on the 88th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party, Blade Nzimande said:

""The capitalist classes have already started a huge campaign in the media to try to discredit this system, and we want to say to them as communists today, war unto you.

"Prepare for a huge battle because we are going to mobilise the workers and the poor of the country to fight against you so we can have a national health insurance scheme."

Nzimande said the national health insurance scheme "aims to ensure every South African has access to health services without having to pay up front".

Public and private health care facilities would be open to all who wanted to use them.

"Everyone must have access to affordable and quality health care. How is it going to work? Those that are rich, they are going to pay more for this scheme. Those who are unemployed and with no income, will pay nothing, but everybody will get the same quality treatment." "
(IOL (Secular; Independent; South African) via the Cape Times (Page 1) Monday 03 / 08 | August / 2009 )
Further Criticisms

According to IOL:

"Critics have argued that the scheme would be too costly to implement and would not work if problems in the public health service - largely stemming from poor management - are not sorted out first.

Under the proposal, medical scheme members would pay 85 percent of the contributions, irrespective of the option they chose, to a global fund that would pay public and private sector providers."
(IOL (Secular; Independent; South African) via the Cape Times (Page 1) Monday 03 / 08 | August / 2009 )
December: In the Pipeline

South Africa's public health system is under a state of collapse: with doctors underpaid, and many professionals either entering the private sector, or leaving the country.

A draft on the NHI is expected by December 2009, the ANC plans to implement the NHI within the next 5 years.  While the NHI is seen as- likely to go through; one possible reason that the head of the Communist Party, is so vehemently supporting his ANC allies- is that there have been rumours reported in the press last month- that some within the Communist Party, want to replace their General Secretary, or to oppose him in their December conference. The NHI proposal, like many other controversial legislative schemes now being put forward- has previously been pushed by now Zuma Allies. With a leftist president, it is much more likely to succeed.

Under ANC management- South Africa's previously world-class public health sector has collapsed under mismanagement and corruption. Some sources have asked that the ANC run Government firstly fix up the public health sector, before combining it with the private health sector. Others blame the move on covering up ANC incompetence and a lack of service delivery, which has caused violent rioting on the streets.



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Sunday, August 2, 2009

SADC Region: Republic of South Africa: Official Opposition in talks with strange bedfellows?

(South African Catholic)


Notation by Marc Aupiais

According to the Cape Argus, a member of the Independent Newspapers (IOL) news group: the Democratic Alliance (DA)- South Africa's Official Opposition: is in behind closed doors unity talks with several smaller parties- including ANC off-shoot: COPE (Congress of the People), the ID (Independent Democrats), and the UDM (United Democratic Front).

While the DA allows their Members of Parliament (MPs) to vote with their conscience, on matters deemed by the DA to be related to morality- the ID and UDM- have both pushed legislation and policies, which are seriously against the moral fibre set out by the Church- including on vitally important issues such as- what marriage should be, and legalising of and pushing of pro-abortion legislation by the state.

Much of the leadership of political fledgling- COPE- jumped ship from the ANC prior the last election- having seemingly been perfectly accepting of the ANC (African National Congress)- when it radically liberalised access to Abortion, and instituted "Civil Unions"- "Gay marriage". On the "Gay Marriage" issue- as our service noted in another article: earlier this year- the ID seemingly wanted to force marriage officers to "marry" gay couples- whatever their conscientious or religious objections.

Exactly what form of alliance would be formed if the alleged talks are successful- is not clear to our service at present.

Whether this would entail close co-operation on some matters between multiple parties, or a new political party- is not clear, although the evidence seems to lend towards the latter- as with the quotations the Cape Argus gives to back up its claims.

Reportedly: Helen Zille has noted a number of areas where the opposition parties could find common ground-

These apparently include: commitment to the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996; creating an environment which would offer opportunities to everyone; a market-driven economy, opportunity and delivery and a safety net for the less privileged (c.f. IOL- as linked to below).

Representation of the DA had not replied to a media request from our service at the time of publishing.

C.F. IOL (Secular; Independent; South African) 02 / 08 | 2009

http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?from=rss_Twitter&set_id=1&click_id=79&art_id=vn20090802061851279C687881

Friday, July 3, 2009

UPDATE ON: South Africa: State to spy on cell phone, internet, emails of citizens to prevent crime?

(Scripturelink Voters' Guide; c.f. IOL (Secular; independent; South African): via The Star : 02 / 07 | July / 2009 )

Update by Marc Aupiais

It does seem from later press, that the RICA (Regulation of Interception of Communications and Provision of Communication Related Information Act) act will require cellular companies to record, and archive in accordance with identifiable details of users: all voice communications over their networks, to be stored in the archive, which the state will have access to, via a court order, in a manner in which conversations can be linked to individuals. The act, as previously mentioned, would require text messages, and emails to be kept in an archive by cellular companies and seemingly also Internet Service Providers (ISPs).

IOL's The Star claims, as had IOL's Pretoria News, in a separate article:
"While cellphone operators will be obliged to keep a record of SMSes, emails and voice calls in an archive for access by authorities, cellphone calls can be monitored only with the permission of a judge."
(IOL (Secular; independent; South African): via The Star : 02 / 07 | July / 2009 )



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Wednesday, July 1, 2009

South Africa: State to spy on cell phone, internet, emails of citizens to prevent crime?

F(Scripturelink Voters' Guide; IOL (Secular; Independent; South African) 01 / 07 | July / 200930 / 06 | June / 2009: Pretoria News ; 30 / 06 | June / 2009: SAPA; ; MSN (Secular; Independent) 29 / 06 | June / 2009; DOJ Press Release 30 / 06 | June / 2009)

Governmental Links:

Department of Justice and Constitutional Development:
Inter alia: Profile of Jeff Radebe
http://www.doj.gov.za/contact/cnt_min.htm

Press Release: 30 June

DOJ Press Release 30 / 06 | June / 2009
http://www.doj.gov.za/m_statements/2009/20090630-st-rica.pdf
 
Presidential Assent: By Jacob G. Zuma
http://www.doj.gov.za/legislation/proclamations/2009-no39-gg32341-interception.pdf
 
We were not able to access the actual act, in order to analyze it ourselves, due to slow operating of a government site.  And due to the confusing process this act underwent.
 
Dislcaimer:
This article does not constitute legal advice. It is based on interpretation of facts, as portrayed in different articles, of press group: IOL. Rely on it a your own risk. 
 
Article by Marc Aupiais

It is advertised as a manner of pre-empting crimes. If the police can monitor you, they can stop something happening. This use of monitoring technology was successful, in one instance in Canada, when a certain Graham McMynn, was saved from captors, after police in Canada did an "emergency wire tap", allowed in Canadian law in those circumstances, without a warrant from a judge (MSN (Secular; Independent) 29 / 06 | June / 2009).

The problem with the South African version of legislation governing wire taps etc, where information is archived, and then accessed with the permission of a judge, requiring all cellular users to be registered, along with their place of residence, or nearby church or school, if they have no formal home, is that it is feared to be too much like big brother, as citizens can no longer use telecommunications anonymously.

According to the Department of Justice (And Constitutional Development), which says that from June first (Today), new cellular users will have to comply with the regulations: that they be registered, in order to buy a starter pack from network providers:

"The Act was necessitated by the fact that criminals make use of new technology to plan and execute crimes. These amendments are in line with similar legislation that has recently been adopted by many other countries across the world. The aim of the amendments is to assist the law enforcement agencies in the investigation and combating of serious crime and to ensure that the identity and whereabouts of the owner of a SIM-card who used a cellular phone in the planning and execution of a serious crime is known. Government will therefore work closely with the various services providers to ensure the successful implementation of this Act."
(DOJ Press Release 30 / 06 | June / 2009)

In South Africa, many customers of cellular services use prepayed airtime, which is bought from shops, and added onto their cellular account as they need it. Cellular companies in The Republic of South Africa have not traditionally been required to look into who were using their prepaid services.
IOL has been reporting for a while now on the: Regulation of Interception of Communications and Provision of Communication Related Information Act (RICA), regulating inter alia, the tapping or interception of private communication sent via telecommunications structures.

According to IOL:

"The new act will force cellphone operators, including Internet and email service providers, to keep SMSes [What are known overseas as Texts: Small Message Service], emails and voice calls in an archive to allow for access by authorities."
(IOL (Secular; Independent; South African) 30 / 06 | June / 2009: Pretoria News)
However, in later article, IOL note assurances from the South African state: that voice calls on cellular phones will not be illegally intercepted, and that interception of cellular phone based voice calls required the go-ahead of a judge. No public assurances about one's emails were to our knowledge: noted, and Cellular providers are already, to my knowledge: required to keep smses for a period of about 5 years. This later claim by IOL seems to contradict the previous, which we quote of them, as allegedly appeared in Pretoria News, unless cellular companies are to record all voice data sent through their networks, and unless, storage of voice calls is not what the minister there notes as interception. As we have been unable to find a copy of the act, we cannot presently elaborate.

IOL noted the allegations that part of  the ANC ( African National Congress ) had used its power in the past, via state intelligence, to allegedly tap the conversations of political rivals. An allegedly tapped conversation, was allegedly used by President Jacob Zuma, whereby rival: Former President Thabo Mbeki, is alleged to have said some compromizing things as President, while speaking to a state employee, who was prosecuting Jacob Zuma on over 700 now dropped charges of alleged corruption, the conversation having been secretly monitored by the NIA (National Intelligence Agency), the alleged tapes of the conversation, had reportedly been given to Jacob Zuma's lawyer, and an acting National Director of Public Prosecutions (NDPP) had dropped the case (His predecessor having been fired, by the ANC lead government).

IOL notes that access to the new archives will require the authority of a judge. The act probably will mean that many many personal private conversations will be acessible to the state: possibly in the future: going back years and years, hardly how the Canadian system of emergency tapping beneficially worked to save a captive. There reportedly is still the important requirement that a judge be involved, in taps which is notable. However: exactly what the act entails is cloudy. It seems to have been passed already in 2008, and IOL mentions 3 years of progress. There are certainly articles from 2006 on the RICA act, however. The confusion has meant that we have not been able to give our fuller coverage of this topic, especially as we do not have a copy of the act in our possession.

Analysis


On the surface, trust in the judiciary in South Africa, certainly is not at a high, especially as parliament has been alleged to have shown some influence over judges. Recent suggestion, by Jeff Redebe (Minister Jeffrey Thamsanqa Radebe): of amending sections of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, which are probably in place to ensure Judicial Independence, has also recently been reported.

While regulations have seemingly in the past required that cellular companies keep SMSes for five (5) years on their servers (I have visited MTN's foreign services backup centre, where they use impressive technology to store information), the newly enforced legislation could well mean that the State has access to many of your every digital, transferred electronic words. It could seemingly mean, that with the help of a single judge, your electronic past from a date some time prior: could be accessed, and seemingly brought before a court of law, and connected to you. An important part being that one would now have to prove who they were, give their Identity (ID) Number over to cellular services providers, and reveal where they live: or have their SIM card deactivated. This means that archives of your communication habits, could be linked to you. It is also of note, that the government states that the law is apparently necessitated due to a so-called need to monitor possible criminals in case they commit crimes.

As one's physical position may be gained from their cellular phone's location: via triangulation, it is also possibly concerning that all cellular phones will need to be registered. How secure the archives kept by telecommunications companies will be, is unclear to us. Telecommunications companies have 18 months allegedly, to register the details of all users, after which they will be charged R 1 00 000 (One Hundred Thousand Rand), per a day late.

The Republic of South Africa gives a Constitutional right ( in Chapter 2) to its citizens, of privacy, however the reported requirement of a judge's go ahead to access archives, and the fact that no rights given South African citizens are absolute, could mean that this act remains unchallenged. The authorities are desiring that proof of residence be given in person, for instance: via bank statements: by persons to their cellular companies, according to IOL. How this will affect the 2010 FIFA (Football / Soccer) World Cup, already reportedly in trouble due to alleged lack of interest in touring here: among foreign fans, is not immediately clear.

The legislation, is meant to combat crime, according to Justice Minister: Jeff Radebe (Minister Jeffrey Thamsanqa Radebe of The Department of Justice and Constitutional Development):

""The aim of the amendments is to assist law enforcement agencies in the investigation and combating of serious crimes, and to ensure that the identity and whereabouts of the owner of a SIM card who used a cell phone in the planning and execution of a crime is known," "
(IOL (Secular; Independent; South African) 01 / 07 | July / 2009)

The later article by IOL quotes Jeff Radebe (Minister Jeffrey Thamsanqa Radebe) as saying that the legislation only allows the tapping of voice conversations over cellular phones, with the permission of a judge, and on the basis that it is reasonable to believe that a crime will be committed. If the Pretoria News article, as we have quoted it, was correct, then this would still leave unanswered: doubts involving the possibility of voice conversations being stored in an archive. The later statement, as noted seems different from IOL's claims in Pretoria News.

South Africa's intelligence agencies seemingly: already have a right, with a judicial warrant, to tap into phone conversations.

The legislation was signed by the President of the Republic of South Africa, Jacob G. Zuma, on the 18th June 2009, according to the DOJ website (No 39 of 2009: Signature 18th June 2009: http://www.doj.gov.za/legislation/proclamations/2009-no39-gg32341-interception.pdf).

While accessing the DOJ (The Department of Justice and Constitutional Development) website, I was unable to find the actual wording of the act, nor to determine the exact meaning of the enactment of this legislation. I have thus been forced to rely on what Independent Newspapers (IOL) has said on this issue.




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Tuesday, June 30, 2009

South Africa: ANC want to redefine RSA provinces, in move attacked as possible power grabbing

(Scripturelink Voters' Guide; c.f. (IOL (Secular; Independent; South African) 29 / 06 | June / 2009 ; (IOL (Secular; Independent; South African) 07 / 11 | December / 2008 )

Article by Marc Aupiais

According to IOL in an article by Ainsley Daniels((IOL (Secular; Independent; South African) 29 / 06 | June / 2009 ): Sicelo Shiceka, who is The Republic of South Africa's ruling ANC (African National Congress) Minister of the controversial Co-operative Governance and Traditional Affairs Ministry, has made claims of a report allegedly in which the ANC run South African State government, or officials in it are looking into reducing the number of provinces in South Africa. The provincial government of the opposition DA (Democratic Alliance) in the Western Cape (province) had previously alleged interfereance in provincial matters. The minister had claimed that even the Western Cape would be pressured by him. His ministry has certainly not eased tentions.

On December 07th 2008, when he, as a person, represented local government, involving the changes to the Constition of the Republic of South Africa as they related to the contentious and at times violent Khutsong Township issue, he was accused of undermining the central government((IOL (Secular; Independent; South African) 07 / 11 | December / 2008). This would certainly be am about turn, if those allegations are true.

During apartheid, there were much fewer provinces, refelcting the politics of pre-apartheid Boer and British colonies, which had formed the Union of South Africa, and the 1910 Union Constitution in compromise, after the Second South African / Boer War, seemingly won by the British.

Any amendment to having 9 provinces, as with a separate effort to get rid of vital aspects of Judicial -Independence,( the latter pushed by minister of Justice and Constitutional reform: Jeff Redebe:) would require amending the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996. With the enlargement of the opposition, the ANC could not introduce any of these plans into practice: without the help of opposition parties' Members of Parliament. If I am correct, they would also need the okay of provinces whose borders are affected to successfully legislate the prior. Acting without the confirmation of an applicable province, would require taking away the current Constitutional rights of the provinces to do so. To take away areas of provincial authority was apparently also suggested by the ruling ANC recently.

According to IOL(IOL (Secular; Independent; South African) 29 / 06 | June / 2009), critics of redrawing the provinces believe the ANC wants to redraw them to oust their DA opposition from the Western Cape province, where DA head: Helen Zille is premier.

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